15°32′10″N 73°57′15″E / 15.53605°N 73.95425°E / 15.53605; 73.95425| Site information |
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| Condition | Good |
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| Site history |
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| Built by | Portuguese Empire |
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Fort Santo Estevão (Fortaleza de Santo Estevão in Portuguese) is a military structure erected in Santo Estevão Island, in Goa, by the Portuguese.
Built on the highest point of Santo Estevão Island, it was originally built as a watchtower to guard the Mandovi River, in 1550.[1] It was the easternmost defensive structure in the Velhas Conquistas. After the first Maratha incursions against Goa, in 1666-1668, during which they destroyed a local church, The structure was expanded into a small fort.[1][2] In 1683, the Marathas attacked Goa and managed to breach into the island of Santo Estevão because the corps of auxiliaries tasked with defending it fled from their enemy.[3] The Marathas captured the fort and massacred its garrison.[4]
After the annexation of the Novas Conquistas, the fort lost its military purpose.[1] It was abandoned in 1811 by decree of the Viceroy of India Dom Bernardo José Maria da Silveira e Lorena.[5]
Restoration works were undertaken on the fort in 2012.[1]
See also
- Portuguese India
- History of Goa
- Maratha invasion of Goa (1683)
References
- ^ a b c d Nuno Miguel de Pinho Lopes: O Sistema Defensivo de Goa, Universidade de Coimbra, 2017, pp.111-120.
- ^ José Nicolau da Fonseca: An Historical and Archæological Sketch of the City of Goa: Preceded by a Short Statistical Account of the Territory of Goa, Thacker & Company, limited, 1878, p.288.
- ^ Joaquim Heliodoro da Cunha Rivara, Charles J. Borges: Goa and the Revolt of 1787, Concept Publishing Company, 1996, p.225.
- ^ António Lopes Mendes: A India portugueza: breve descrupção das possessões portuguezas na Asia, dividida em dois volumes, illustrados com 382 gravures e 7 mappas, , Volume 1, Imprensa nacional, 1886, p.63.
- ^ Joaquim Pedro Celestino Soares: Bosquejo das possessoes portuguezas no Oriente ou resumo de algumas derrotas da India e da China, Imprensa nacional, 1851, p.32.
Forts and fortresses of the Portuguese Empire
| Africa | | North Africa | - Ceuta (Spain)
- Alcácer Ceguer (Morocco)
- Arzila (Morocco)
- Tangier (Morocco)
- Graciosa (Morocco)
- Mazagan (Morocco)
- Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Morocco)
- Castelo Real (Morocco)
- Safim (Morocco)
- Azamor (Morocco)
- Aguz (Morocco)
- Arguin Fort (Mauritania)
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| Gold Coast | - Santiago (Ghana)
- Santo António (Ghana)
- São Francisco Xavier (Ghana)
- São João Baptista (Benin)
- São Jorge (Ghana)
- São Sebastião (Ghana)
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São Tomé and
Príncipe | - Santo António
- São Jerónimo
- São Sebastião
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| Cape Verde | - D'El-Rei
- Duque de Bragança
- Principe Real
- São Filipe
- São José
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| Guinea-Bissau | |
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| Angola | |
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| East Africa | - Jesus (Kenya)
- Santiago (Tanzania)
| Mozambique | - Manica Fort
- Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Inhambane
- Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Lourenço Marques
- Princesa Amélia
- Santo António
- São Caetano
- São João Baptista
- São José de Mossuril
- São José do Ibo
- São Lourenço
- São Marçal
- São Miguel
- São Sebastião
- São Tiago Maior
- Quelimane Fort
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| America | | Brazil | - Nossa Senhora do Monserrate
- Nossa Senhora da Assunção
- Nossa Senhora da Conceição
- Nossa Senhora dos Prazeres
- Nossa Senhora dos Remédios
- Presépio
- Príncipe da Beira
- Reis Magos
- Santa Cruz da Barra
- Santa Cruz de Anhatomirim
- Santa Cruz de Itamaracá
- Santa Cruz do Paraguaçu
- São João
- São José da Ponta Grossa
- São José de Macapá
- Nossa Senhora dos Remédios
- Santa Catarina
- Santa Maria
- Santo António Além do Carmo
- Santo António da Barra
- Santo Inácio de Tamandaré
- São Diogo
- São Domingos de Gragoatá
- São João Baptista do Brum
- São João da Bertioga
- São Lourenço
- São Luís
- São Marcelo
- São Mateus do Cabo Frio
- São Tiago das Cinco Pontas
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| Uruguay | |
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| Asia | |
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Portuguese name in italics and geographical location (between parenthesis) |
Forts and fortresses of the Portuguese Empire
