John Romero
John Romero | |
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![]() John pada tahun 2012 | |
Kelahiran | (1967-10-28) 28 Oktober 1967 (umur 56) Colorado Springs, Colorado, Amerika Syarikat. |
Pekerjaan | pereka mainan video, pengaturcara |
Terkenal kerana | Pengasas bersama id Software dan Ion Storm |
Karya terkenal | Commander Keen series Wolfenstein 3D siri Doom Quake Daikatana |
Pasangan | Kelly Mitchell (k. 1987; c. 1989) Elizabeth Ann McCall (k. 1990; c. 1998) Raluca Alexandra Pleșca (k. 2004; c. 2011) Brenda Romero (k. 2012) |
Rakan kongsi domestik | Stevie Case (1998–2003) |
Anak-anak | 3 |
Alfonso John Romero (lahir 28 Oktober 1967)[1] adalah seorang pengaturcara dan pembangun permainan video dari Amerika Syarikat. Beliau terkenal sebagai pengasas bersama id Software membangunkan banyak produk mainan terbitannya termasuk Wolfenstein 3D, Dangerous Dave, Hexen, Doom, Doom II dan Quake.
Sumbangan beliau dalam pembangunan mainan-mainan video ini bersama John D. Carmack menerapkan banyak teknologi yang memberi asas kepada mainan genre penembak diri-pertama pada tahun 1990-an. Beliau juga merupakan orang pertama yang mempernyatakan idea mod nekapemain "laga maut" (deathmatch) sebagai suatu tatanan mainan video yang tersendiri.[2]
Biografi
Awal hidup
Romero lahir dalam keadaan pramatang enam minggu pada 28 Oktober 1967[1] di Colorado Springs, Colorado. Beliau berketurunan peribumi melalui seorang datuk berbangsa Cherokee, seorang lagi berbangsa Yaqui dari barat laut Mexico dan seorang berbangsa Mexico dari sebelah bapa.[3][4] Bapanya Alfonso Antonio Romero seorang juruselenggara penghawa dingin dan sistem pemanasan di pangkalan tentera udara Tucson, Arizona; di situ Antonio berkenalan dengan bakal isterinya Ginny.[2]
Mainan arked tembak-tembak Space Invaders (1978) memutik minatnya kepada permainan video;[5] manakala mainan lolos jalan Pac-Man (1980) keluaran Namco memainkan peranan utama mempengaruhi kerjayanya[6] mendalami perekaan dan pengaturan sesebuah media mainan itu sendiri.[5]
Kerjaya pengaturcaraan
John memulakan kerja pengaturcaraannya dalam sebuah model komputer Apple II belinya tahun 1980.[7] Mainan pertama yang berjaya dibangunkannya meniru tatamain Crazy Climber, tetapi ia sendiri tidak diterbitkan.[5] Permainan sempurna pertama terbitan beliau Scout Search mendapat perhatian dalam isu Jun 1984 majalah perkomputeran inCider yang terkenal pada zaman itu.
Beliau menjejak kaki dalam industri pembangunan main video dalam syarikat Origin Systems pada tahun 1987.[8]
Permainan video dibangunkan
Tajuk | Tahun | Penerbit |
---|---|---|
Dodge 'Em | 1982 | Capitol Ideas Software |
Scout Search | 1984 | inCider Magazine |
Cavern Crusader | 1984 | A+ Magazine |
Bongo's Bash[9] | 1985 | A+ Magazine |
Zippy Zombi | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Wacky Wizard | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Subnodule | 1987 | Keypunch Software, Inc. |
Pyramids of Egypt | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Neptune's Nasties | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Major Mayhem | 1987 | Nibble Magazine |
Lethal Labyrinth | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Krazy Kobra | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Jumpster | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
Evil Eye | 1987 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
James Clavell's Shōgun | 1988 | Infocom |
Dangerous Dave in the Deserted Pirate's Hideout | 1988 | Uptime Disk Monthly |
City Centurian | 1988 | Nibble Magazine |
Zork Zero: The Revenge of Megaboz | 1989 | Infocom |
Zappa Roidz | 1989 | Softdisk Publishing |
Twilight Treasures | 1989 | Softdisk Publishing |
Space Rogue | 1989 | Origin Systems |
Might and Magic II: Gates to Another World | 1989 | New World Computing |
Magic Boxes | 1989 | Softdisk Publishing |
Journey: The Quest Begins | 1989 | Infocom |
How to Weigh an Elephant | 1989 | Softdisk Publishing |
Big Blue Disk #32 | 1989 | Softdisk Publishing |
Big Blue Disk #35 | 1989 | Softdisk Publishing |
The Catacomb Abyss | 1989 | Softdisk |
Arthur: The Quest for Excalibur | 1989 | Infocom |
Sub Stalker | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Pixel Puzzler | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Dinosorcerer | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Dark Designs II: Closing the Gate | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Commander Keen 1: Marooned on Mars | 1990 | Apogee Software |
Commander Keen 2: The Earth Explodes | 1990 | Apogee Software |
Commander Keen 3: Keen Must Die! | 1990 | Apogee Software |
Catacomb | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Big Blue Disk #40 | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Big Blue Disk #41 | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Big Blue Disk #44 | 1990 | Softdisk Publishing |
Alfredo's Stupendous Surprise | 1990 | Softdisk |
Xenopods | 1991 | Softdisk Publishing |
Slordax: The Unknown Enemy | 1991 | Softdisk |
Rescue Rover | 1991 | Softdisk |
Rescue Rover 2 | 1991 | Expert Software, Froggman, Softdisk |
Shadow Knights | 1991 | Softdisk Publishing |
Paragon | 1991 | Softdisk |
Paganitzu | 1991 | Apogee Software |
Hovertank 3D | 1991 | Softdisk |
Dangerous Dave in the Haunted Mansion | 1991 | Softdisk |
Commander Keen: Keen Dreams | 1991 | Softdisk |
Commander Keen 4: Secret of the Oracle | 1991 | Apogee Software |
Commander Keen 5: The Armageddon Machine | 1991 | Apogee Software |
Commander Keen 6: Aliens Ate My Baby Sitter! | 1991 | FormGen |
The Catacomb (Catacomb II) | 1991 | Softdisk |
Catacomb 3-D | 1991 | Softdisk |
Wolfenstein 3D | 1992 | Apogee Software |
Spear of Destiny | 1992 | FormGen |
Cyberchess | 1992 | Softdisk |
Terror of the Catacombs | 1993 | Froggman |
Street Ball | 1993 | Froggman |
Shadowcaster | 1993 | Origin Systems |
ScubaVenture: The Search for Pirate's Treasure | 1993 | Softdisk |
Dangerous Dave's Risky Rescue | 1993 | Softdisk |
Curse of the Catacombs | 1993 | Froggman |
Bio Menace | 1993 | Apogee Software |
Blake Stone: Aliens of Gold | 1993 | Apogee Software |
Doom | 1993 | id Software |
Corridor 7: Alien Invasion | 1994 | Capstone Software |
Super 3D Noah's Ark | 1994 | Wisdom Tree |
Doom II: Hell on Earth | 1994 | GT Interactive |
Blake Stone: Planet Strike | 1994 | FormGen |
Heretic | 1994 | id Software |
The Ultimate Doom | 1995 | GT Interactive |
Hexen: Beyond Heretic | 1995 | id Software |
Heretic: Shadow of the Serpent Riders | 1996 | id Software |
Final Doom | 1996 | id Software; Atari, Inc. |
Quake | 1996 | id Software |
Chex Quest | 1996 | Digital Café |
Doom 64 | 1997 | Midway Games |
Dominion: Storm Over Gift 3 | 1998 | Eidos Interactive |
Daikatana | 2000 | Eidos Interactive |
Red Faction | 2001 | THQ Wireless |
Anachronox | 2001 | Eidos Interactive |
Hyperspace Delivery Boy! | 2002 | Monkeystone Games |
Jewels and Jim | 2003 | THQ Wireless |
Dig It! | 2003 | THQ Wireless |
Congo Cube | 2003 | THQ Wireless, RealArcade |
Cartoon Network: Block Party | 2004 | Majesco Entertainment |
Gauntlet: Seven Sorrows | 2005 | Midway Games |
Area 51 | 2005 | Midway Austin |
Ravenwood Fair | 2010 | Lolapps |
Marvel Super Hero Squad Online | 2011 | Gazillion Entertainment Inc. |
Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon: Commander | 2012 | Ubisoft, Inc. |
Pettington Park | 2012 | Zynga Game Network, Inc. |
Dodger Down | 2013 | Howljerk Games |
Play Gig-it | 2013 | Gig-it Corp |
Techno Dash | 2014 | Hammerwing Studios, Inc. |
Dangerous Dave in the Deserted Pirate's Hideout | 2015 | John Romero |
Grom Skate | 2015 | Grom Social Inc. |
Warpcop III | 2017 | indie published |
July 4, 1976 | 2017 | Playbarf |
Gunman Taco Truck | 2017 | Romero Games Ltd. |
SIGIL | 2019 | Romero Games Ltd. |
Empire of Sin | 2020 | Romero Games Ltd. |
Rujukan
- ^ a b Kushner, David (May 4, 2003). "'Masters of Doom'". The New York Times. Dicapai pada March 25, 2021.
- ^ a b Kushner, David (2003). Masters of Doom: How Two Guys Created An Empire And Transformed Pop Culture. Random House. 89. ISBN 0-375-50524-5.
- ^ John Romero [@romero] (February 21, 2016). "I'm both. Yaqui are native to southwestern Arizona; one grandparent was Yaqui, another Mexican, another Cherokee (other side)" (Twit). Dicapai pada March 25, 2021 – melalui Twitter.
- ^ Creegan, Chris (10 August 2021). "Romero On 'Harmful' Stereotypes And Doom's Native American Inspiration". www.gfinityesports.com. Dicapai pada 10 August 2021.
- ^ a b c JOHN ROMERO, Retro Gamer, issue 75
- ^ Bailey, Kat (March 9, 2012). "These games inspired Cliff Bleszinski, John Romero, Will Wright, and Sid Meier". Joystiq. Dicapai pada April 2, 2012.
- ^ "Does John Romero Still Enjoy Shooting People?". Next Generation. No. 30. June 1997. m/s. 9–12.
- ^ "John Romero discusses his early years in the gaming industry". 2012-10-19. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-02-17. blankmaninc.com
- ^ "Bongo's Bash - 1983". rome.ro.
Pautan luar
- Romero Games
- Planet Romero