Timeline of Aarhus

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aarhus, a city in central Denmark.

Viking Age

  • 750–800 – Aarhus is founded by the northern shore of the Aarhus River.[1]
  • c. 900 – The first church, the Holy Trinity Church, is built during the reign of Frode, King of Jutland.[2]
  • c. 900 – Gorm the Old fortifies Aarhus with ramparts.[3]
  • 10th century – Harald Bluetooth strengthens and expands the ramparts.[1]
  • 948 – First mention of Aarhus as the bishop of Aarhus Reginbrand attends the Synod of Ingelheim.[4][5]
  • 988 – Diocese of Aarhus is dissolved.[6]
  • 1035–42 – Harthacnut coins money stamped with the original name of Aarhus: "AROS".[6]
  • 1043
    • Svend Estridsen gains support from Aros in war against Magnus the Good and a battle between the two are fought in the Bay of Aarhus.[7]
    • Magnus the Good becomes ruler of Aarhus for a period and coins money inscribed "Magnus Konge, Lif-sig i Aros" in latin.[7]
  • 1050 – Harald Hardrada attacks Aarhus and burns the settlement including the Holy Trinity Church.[8][9]
  • 1060
    • Diocese of Aarhus is reestablished as Svend Estridsen divides the country into 8 bishoprics.[6]
    • Crypt church is constructed on the site of the former Holy Trinity Church and present day Church of Our Lady.[1][10]

Middle Ages

  • 1080 – The crypt church is expanded and dedicated to Saint Nicholas.[11]
  • 12th century
    • The bishopric begins collecting tithe.[12]
    • The defensive ramparts are strengthened and a cobbled ring road built along it.[13]
  • 1134 – The bishop of Aarhus Ulkil is killed at the Battle of Fotevik in support of King Niels.[13]
  • 1180
    • Saint Nicholas Church mentioned as the first cathedral of Aarhus.[11]
    • Niels of Aarhus dies and is buried in Aarhus.[14]
  • 1191 – Peder Vognsen is appointed bishop by King Canute VI.
  • c. 1192 – Construction begins on Aarhus Cathedral on the burial site of Niels of Aarhus.
  • 1195 – Aarhus Cathedral School is mentioned for the first time. The school possibly predates the Aarhus Cathedral.
  • 13th century – Valdemar II builds a grain mill at Aarhus River and hand grinders are made illegal.[15][16]
  • c. 1250 – Dominican friars are given Saint Nicholas Church which they tear down and begins construction on Church of Our Lady.[11]
  • 1298 – King Eric VI grants the Diocese of Aarhus rent from the peasantry enlisted in leidang.[12]
  • 1441 – Christopher of Bavaria ratifies existing market town privileges.[17][18][19]
  • 1477 –
  • 1483 – King Hans ratifies that citizens of Aarhus are free of duties and may trade in all markets in Jutland.[17][18]
  • 1496 – King Hans ratifies that citizens of Aarhus may use all fisheries in Jutland.[17][18]

Renaissance 16th – 18th century

  • 1505 – King Hans establishes a four-mile exclusion zone around Aarhus within which only citizens may trade with farmers.[17][18][22]
  • 1542 – Large fires break out destroying parts of present Indre By.[23][24]
  • 1546 – Parts of the city burns down as fires breaks out.[23][24]
  • 1556 – Large fires breaks out.[23][24]
  • 1627-1629 – Aarhus is occupied by Albrecht von Wallenstein's troops on behest of Ferdinand II during the Thirty Years' War.[23][24]
  • 1637 – Thors Mølle is constructed as a powder mill.[25]
  • 1644-1645 – Occupation by Swedish troops during the Torstenson War[23][24]
  • 1657 – Wooden city walls erected as octroi is introduced.[26]
  • 1657-1659 – Aarhus is occupied during the Dano-Swedish wars of 1657–58 and 1658–60.[23][24]
  • 1659
    • Aarhus is bombarded by 13 Swedish warships during the Dano-Swedish War of 1658–60.[23][24]
    • Plague breaks out in the city. Nationwide a third of the population is killed.[23][24]
  • 1662 – The medieval fiefs reformed into counties and Aarhus County is established.[27]
  • 1672 – 3,474 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1740 – New citizens council established, composed of the wealthiest citizens.[29]
  • 1794 – Århus Stiftstidende is published for the first time.

19th century

20th century

A city map of Aarhus in 1900, (Danish language edition)
  • 1901 – 51,814 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1902
  • 1904 – Tivoli Friheden starts as an amusement park.
  • 1906 – Frederik Ferdinand Salling opens the store that will eventually grow to become the Salling department store.[42]
  • 1909
    • Aarhus hosts the National Exhibition of 1909.[43]
    • Electoral periods for the city council changed to 4 years, privileged electoral system abolished and women given voting rights.[38]
  • 1911 – 64,607 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1912 – Den Gamle By is established.
  • 1913 – Marselisborg Hospital opens.
  • 1919 – First publicly elected mayor.[44]
  • 1921 – 86,197 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1925 – Mindeparken is established.
  • 1928
  • 1929 – The Central Station is completed.
  • 1930 – 101,423 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1931 – Spanien Public Baths opens.
  • 1932
  • 1933
  • 1937 – The ring road of Ring 1 is finished.
  • 1940 – 126,459 inhabitants.[28]

World War II

Post-war

  • 1945 – Aarhus Flydedok is established.
  • 1948 – Erhvervsarkivet (The Corporate Archives) opens in the building formerly housing the State Library.[41]
  • 1950 – 153,546 inhabitants.[28]
    • City management of Aarhus is changed to a Magistrate.[50][51]
  • 1960 – 177,234 inhabitants.[28]
    • First direct elections of county council.[27]
  • 1963 – The landmark State and University Library tower and building in yellow brick at the university campus is finished.
  • 1965 – The first Aarhus Festuge festival is held.
  • 1968 – Construction of the Gellerup Plan, a large modernist suburban satellite city, begins.
  • 1970 – 199,427 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1975 – The anti-nuclear Smiling Sun logo is designed by the local group of Organisationen til Oplysning om Atomkraft.[52]
  • 1977 – The first Moesgård Vikingetræf event is held.
  • 1979 – Machine manufacturing company Frichs, a large local employer, is declared bankrupt. Production in Aarhus was finally halted, after more than 125 years, in the 1980s.
  • 1982 – Musikhuset (Aarhus Concert Hall) is finished
  • 1983 – Gaffa is published for the first time.[53]
  • 1987 – The ring road of Ring 2 opens.
  • 1988
  • 1989 – The first Aarhus International Jazz Festival.
  • 1990 – 200,188 inhabitants.[28]
  • 1991
  • 1994 – The first SpoT Festival is held.
  • 1995 – Scandinavian Center is finished
  • 2000 – 217,260 inhabitants.[28]

21st century

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Annette Damm (2005). "Aros 700-1100". Vikingernes Aros (1st ed.). Moesgård Museum. ISBN 978-8-7873-3462-4.
  2. ^ "Kirkerne i Århus" (PDF) (in Danish). Danmarks Kirker: Nationalmuseet. p. 52. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  3. ^ "Kongeby". Moesgård Museum. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  4. ^ "Aarhus Cathedral". Danmarkshistorien.dk. Aarhus University. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  5. ^ "By efter by". Den Store Danske (in Danish). Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  6. ^ a b c "Registrantområder – Indre by". Aarhus Municipality, 2nd Department of the Magistrate. p. 11. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  7. ^ a b Paludan 1998, p. 19.
  8. ^ "The Viking Age in Scandinavia". Vikingeskibsmuseet. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  9. ^ Paludan 1998, p. 20.
  10. ^ "Skt. Nicolai Domkirke". Aarhus University. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  11. ^ a b c "Kryptkirken". Church of Our Lady. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  12. ^ a b Paludan 1998, p. 28.
  13. ^ a b Paludan 1998, p. 30.
  14. ^ Paludan 1998, p. 31.
  15. ^ "Mølleparken" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
  16. ^ Paludan 1998, p. 32.
  17. ^ a b c d e Jens Rasmussen H Bertz (2011). Aktstykker Vedkommende Staden Og Stiftet Aarhus, Volume 1 (1st ed.). Nabu Press. ISBN 978-1-1790-3641-0.
  18. ^ a b c d e "Købstadsprivilegier". Aarhus University. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  19. ^ Paludan 1998, p. 57.
  20. ^ "The Moat" (in Danish). The Viking Museum. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  21. ^ "Historien om Aarhus" (in Danish). Aarhus Stadsarkiv. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
  22. ^ Paludan 1998, p. 58.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h "Seks krige mod broderfolket". Århus Stiftstidende. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h "Aarhus under Svenskekrigene". Århus Stiftstidende. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  25. ^ "Krudt Kradsuld og Kaffe Ved Thors Moelle". Stadsarkivet. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  26. ^ "Nørre Stenbro". Århus Municipality. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  27. ^ a b "Amter" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Købstæder, befolkning". Aarhus University. Archived from the original on 10 August 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  29. ^ Beck 1997, p. 4.
  30. ^ "Dokk1 og Dampskibsbroen" (in Danish). Stadsarkivet. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  31. ^ "Aarhus byråd" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  32. ^ Paludan 1998, p. 42.
  33. ^ "Rapport over udviklingen af den moderne havn i Aarhus fra o.1840-2006" (PDF) (in Danish). Byhistorie. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  34. ^ "Treaarskrigen 1848" (in Danish). Danmarkshistorien, Encyclopedia. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  35. ^ "Byens raad 1838-1868" (in Danish). Aarhus Municipality. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  36. ^ Christiansen 1984, p. 6.
  37. ^ "1864 Jylland besat af tyske tropper" (in Danish). Århus Stiftstidende. Archived from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  38. ^ a b "Byens raad 1869-1919" (in Danish). Aarhus Municipality. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  39. ^ Beck 1997, p. 3.
  40. ^ "Sporvogne i Aarhus" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  41. ^ a b Ejgil Søholm and Karl V. Thomson, ed. (1977). Fra Bispetoften til Bjerget. Statsbiblioteket 1902-77 (in Danish). Universitetsforlaget i Aarhus. ISBN 87-504-0392-3.
  42. ^ "Salling" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  43. ^ "Landsudstillingen i Aarhus" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  44. ^ "Aarhus Borgmester" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  45. ^ a b "Den Tyske besættelse" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  46. ^ "Bomber over Aarhus" (in Danish). Den Gamle By. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  47. ^ a b "Dagbog fra besættelsen" (in Danish). Jyllandsposten. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  48. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Schalburgtage_i_Aarhus" (in Danish). Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  49. ^ "Blodbad på Bispetorv" (in Danish). Jyllandsposten. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  50. ^ "Magistratstyre". Aarhus University. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  51. ^ "Byens raad 1919-1969" (in Danish). Aarhus Municipality. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  52. ^ "Atomkraft – Nej Tak". Den Gamle By. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  53. ^ "Gaffa". Den Gamle By. Archived from the original on 2 August 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  54. ^ "KaosPiloter". Den Gamle By. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  55. ^ "Aarhus skifter navn". Politiken. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
Publications
  • Paludan, Helge (1998). Århus bys historie, fra vikingetid til nutid. Husets Forlag. ISBN 978-8-7748-3366-6.
  • Christiansen, Asger (1984). Aarhus-Randers elektriske Jernbane. Banebøger. ISBN 978-8-7886-3204-0.
  • Beck, Bue (1997). Aarhus:Byens Historie. 1720-1870. Århus Byhistorisk Fond. ISBN 87-8938-629-9.