TRML
Telefunken Radar Mobil Luftraumüberwachung | |
Country of origin | Germany |
---|---|
Type | Early warning radar |
Frequency | C band |
Range | Between 40 and 250 kilometres (25 and 155 mi), depending on variant |
Altitude | Between 0 and 40,000 metres (0 and 131,234 ft), depending on variant |
The TRML (German: Telefunken Radar Mobil Luftraumüberwachung, or "Telefunken mobile airspace surveilance radar") is a family of air defense radars first developed by Telefunken and currently produced by Hensoldt. It is a development of the earlier TRMS (German: Telefunken Radar Mobil Such or "Telefunken mobile search radar").
Retractable mast versions are TRML-2D with a rotating parabolic antenna and TRML-3D with a rotating phased array antenna, designated as Nahbereichsradar (NBR) or "short range radar" by the Bundeswehr. The latest TRML-4D comes with non-retractable, rotating base active electronically scanned array (AESA) solid-state antenna.
System description
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/TRML_radar.jpg/220px-TRML_radar.jpg)
TRML-2D was designed as an autonomous mobile command system for air defense with an integrated search radar. It can detect, identify and track aircraft at low and medium altitude, designate targets for the connected launchers and send commands to the battle management network. The range of the radar is 60 km for TRML-2D, 200 km for the TRML-3D/32,[1] and 250 km for TRML-4D.[2]
The crew shelter with integrated retractable mast is loaded onto a truck (Bundeswehr designation "Lkw 15 t mil gl BR"), but can also be dismantled to operate as a standalone trailer. A power generator is integrated on the unit. The crew consists of two or three surveillance radar operators.
The radar includes a sideband channel for detecting helicopters. This enables simultaneous action against fast, low-flying aircraft and anti-aircraft missiles as well as against extremely slow-flying targets such as hovering helicopters. The EPM (Electronic Protective Measures) equipment to protect against ECM in the Electronic Warfare and high-resolution Clutter suppression permit the detection and monitoring of even very small targets in difficult environmental conditions. TRML can feed the detected tracks into air defense combat management systems (HFLaAFüSyS 9, HEROS 2) to create more detailed picture of the airspace.
The manufacturer is the company DASA, which has been merged into EADS and has been trading under the name Airbus Defense and Space since January 2014. With the spin-off of the electronics division of Airbus Defense and Space at the end of February 2017, the company became Hensoldt.[3]
TRML 2D
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/TRML2D.jpg/220px-TRML2D.jpg)
TRML-2D uses rotating parabolic antenna with a cosecant-square pattern, where the lower edge slightly deviating from the parabolic shape (a so-called "lower lip"). The antenna can transmit and receive linearly and circularly polarized signals. The maximum antenna height is 12 m (top edge); the antenna can also operate on the roof of the shelter. Rotation rate is 14 to 27 RPM (2.25 to 4.44 s). The IFF antenna is integrated into the primary antenna. An omnidirectional antenna element for sidelobe suppression is located above the parabolic reflector. Ro
The range is specified by the manufacturer as 46 km for targets with a radar cross-section of 1 m2 and a probability of detection of 80% up to an altitude of 6000 m. For targets with a radar cross section of 3 m2, the range is 60 km.
TRML 3D
TRML-3D version is fitted with a 16 or 32-element passive electronically scanned array.[1] In the standard version, the antenna has linear horizontal polarization; vertical polarization is available as an option.
The marine search radar TRS-3D was created from blocks used by the TRML-3D.
TRML-4D
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/IRIS-T_SLM_radar_unit_TRML-4D_ILA-2022.jpg/220px-IRIS-T_SLM_radar_unit_TRML-4D_ILA-2022.jpg)
The latest variant of the radar was presented by Hensoldt at the Eurosatory in 2018.[2][4][5] It will be delivered to customers in 2020.[6]
The radar unit includes a completely redesigned AESA antenna with solid-state GaN elements, mounted on a non-retractable continuously rotating base. The system does not include an integrated operator shelter anymore, so a separate module is needed. TRML-4D combines digital beamforming with pulse-Doppler radar to detect difficult-to-locate airborne targets such as hovering helicopters or low-flying cruise missiles. The system has increased performance compared to its predecessors and is able to track 1500 targets at a range of up to 250 km. It supports Mode 5 and Mode S identification.[2] The radar unit includes an onboard power generator and can be carried by any truck that has standard 20 ft (6.1 m) ISO container fittings.[7] Instrumented range is 250 km, can track fighter type targets more than 120 km away.[8]
The marine version of the TRML-4D family is called TRS-4D.[9][10]
Operators
TRML-2D
- Used with a C2 center (command and control)center for the fire control of the ROLAND
TRML-3D
- 3 in service [11]
- 2 in service [11]
Netherlands Army (5)
- 5 as part of Part of GBADS Phases 1 and 2 [12][11][13]
Norwegian Army (1)
- 1 TRML-3D/32 air surveillance radar to support NASAMS 2
- 1 used with a MICA VL air defence system in service [11]
- 3 in service [14]
TRML-4D
- Orders (23)
- 7 ordered with IRIS-T SLM ground-based air defense systems in 2018.[15]
- 10 ordered with IRIS-T SLX approved in December 2021
- 6 ordered with IRIS-T SLS [16][17]
- Order
- Unknown number ordered with IRIS-T SLM in 2023 [18][19]
- Order (6)
- 6 ordered with IRIS-T SLM in July 2023 [20]
- Options (2)
- 2 additional to be ordered with the additional IRIS-T SLM planned [21]
- Order
- Unknown number ordered with IRIS-T SLM in 2023 [18][19]
- Order (2)
- 2 ordered with IRIS-T SLM in July 2023 [22]
- Pre-selected
- As part of the programme BODLUV-MR, Diehl was the only company offering a short-range air defence system with the IRIS-T SLM. Armasuisse will now initiate the negotiations with Diehl for the purchase of an unknown number of systems which are to be financed with the 2025 Armament Programme.[23]
Ukraine armed forces (9 in service, 6 on order)
- Orders (22)
- 4 ordered in October 2022 [24]
- 2 ordered in January 2023 [25]
- 6 ordered in May 2023 (€100 million) [26]
- 4 ordered in June 2023 [27]
- 6 ordered in May 2024 [28]
- Deliveries (11)
- 11 TRML-4D delivered as of July 2024.[29]
Notes
- ^ a b "TRML-3D/32 - Mobile Air Surveillance and Defence Radar | HENSOLDT".
- ^ a b c "TRML-4D - Multi-Functional Air Surveillance and Target Acquisition Radar System | HENSOLDT".
- ^ "Who we are : HENSOLDT". Retrieved 2022-06-18.
- ^ "Hensoldt presenting TRML- 4D multi-function air surveillance and target acquisition radar | Defense News May 2021 Global Security army industry | Defense Security global news industry army year 2021 | Archive News year".
- ^ "HENSOLDT presents new ground-based Air Defence Radar". 19 June 2018.
- ^ "EUROSATORY 2018: HENSOLDT DETAILS TRML-4D". Archived from the original on 2019-07-04.
- ^ "TRML 4D – Multi-Functional Air Surveillance & Target Acquisition Radar". YouTube.
- ^ "EUROSATORY 2018: HENSOLDT DETAILS TRML-4D". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-07-04.
- ^ "Multi-Functional Air Surveillance and Target Acquisition Radar System". Hensoldt. Retrieved 27 July 2024.
- ^ "HENSOLDT apresenta o radar de defesa aérea 3D TRML-4D". eb.mil.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 27 July 2024.
- ^ a b c d "https://www.deagel.com/Armies/TRML-3D/a000467". Guide to Military Equipment and Civil Aviation. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
{{cite web}}
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- ^ OuinetAdmin (2005-03-09). "EADS Wins Dutch Air Defense Contract (Mar. 10)". Defense aerospace. Retrieved 2024-01-04.
- ^ admin (2006-12-08). "Dutch Army Launches Air Defense Modernization Project - Defense Update:". Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ Chivukula, Kavya (2020-10-23). "Hensoldt to deliver TRML-3D radar to Royal Thai Army". Army Technology. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ "Federal Government approves arms exports to Gulf States". Rheinische Post. 19 September 2018. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
- ^ "New German-made IRIS-T SLM air defense missile system of Egypt armed forces – Polygonjournal.com". polygonjournal.com. 7 April 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ^ Gebauer, Matthias; Schult, Christoph (2021-12-15). "Ägypten: GroKo genehmigte noch kurz vor Regierungswechsel heiklen Waffenexport". Der Spiegel (in German). ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
- ^ a b "Latvia and Estonia purchase IRIS-T SLM anti-aircraft missile systems". ВПК.name. 2023-09-14. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ a b "Estonia and Latvia to jointly buy IRIS-T SLM air defence system". 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ Macey, Joseph (2023-07-19). "Hensoldt to Provide German Armed Forces with TRML-4D Radars". Defense Advancement. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germany-plans-buy-eight-iris-t-air-defence-systems-its-military-document-2023-02-01/
- ^ "Air defence: Slovenia plans to acquire IRIS-T SLM system". 2023-07-17. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ "Medium-range ground-based air defence – Kongsberg and MBDA will not submit offers".
- ^ "Hensoldt delivers air defence radars for Ukraine in record time". 20 October 2022.
- ^ "HENSOLDT delivers more air surveillance radars to Ukraine". www.hensoldt.net. 2023-01-18. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ "Ukraine conflict: Ukraine to receive additional air-defence radars". Janes.com. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ "Ukraine conflict: Hensoldt to deliver additional radars to Ukraine". Janes.com. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ "Hensoldt to send more TRML-4D radars to Ukraine | Shephard". www.shephardmedia.com. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ "Military support for Ukraine | Federal Government". Website of the Federal Government | Bundesregierung. 2024-07-08. Retrieved 2024-07-09.