Sandnes-mål
Norwegian dialect of Sandnes, Norway
Sandnes-mål | |
---|---|
Region | Sandnes |
Language family | Indo-European
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | None |
Sandnes-mål, Sandnes dialect or Sandnes Norwegian (Bokmål: Sandnes-mål or Sandnesdialekten)[2] is a dialect of Norwegian used in Sandnes.
Phonology
Consonants
- Between and after vowels, the voiceless plosives /p, t, k/ are realized as voiced [b, d, ɡ].[3]
- /ç/ merges with /ʃ/ into [ʃ].[4]
- /r/ is uvular.[5]
Vowels
Apart from /ə/, all short vowels have a long equivalent, which has the same quality as the short vowel (excluding the /a–aː/ pair).[6]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sandnes_Norwegian_vowel_chart.svg/250px-Sandnes_Norwegian_vowel_chart.svg.png)
Front | Central | Back | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||||||
short | long | short | long | short | long | short | long | |
Close | i | iː | y | yː | ʉ | ʉː | u | uː |
Mid | e | eː | ø | øː | (ə) | ɔ | ɔː | |
Open | a | aː |
- The close vowels /i, iː, y, yː, ʉ, ʉː, u, uː/ are rather lax (near-close) [ɪ, ɪː, ʏ, ʏː, ʉ̞, ʉ̞ː, ʊ, ʊː].[7]
- The unrounded–rounded pairs /i–y, iː–yː, e–ø, eː–øː/ have a very similar backness, and differ mainly by rounding.[7]
- /e, eː, ø, øː, ə/ are mid [e̞, e̞ː, ø̞, ø̞ː, ə], whereas /ɔ, ɔː/ are open-mid [ɔ, ɔː].[7]
- /a, aː/ are near-open; the long vowel is central [ɐː], whereas the short vowel is somewhat more front [æ̠].[7]
Starting point | Ending point | ||
---|---|---|---|
Front | Central | ||
unrounded | rounded | rounded | |
Mid | ei | øy | øʉ |
- The components of the diphthongs are phonetically close to the short vowels transcribed with the same symbols, so that /ei/ is phonetically more or less [e̞ɪ], whereas /øy/ and /øʉ/ are phonetically more or less, respectively, [ø̞ʏ] and [ø̞ʉ̞].[3]
References
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Older Runic". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2022-11-13. Retrieved 2022-11-13.
- ^ Ims (2010).
- ^ a b c Ims (2010), p. 15.
- ^ Ims (2010), p. 17.
- ^ Ims (2010), p. 12.
- ^ Ims (2010), pp. 13–14.
- ^ a b c d e Ims (2010), p. 14.
Bibliography
- Ims, Charlotte Sol (2010). Sandnes i skyggen av Stavanger - en sociolingvistisk undersøkelse av Sandnes-mål med utgangspunkt i utvalgte språklige variabler (PDF) (Master's thesis). Adger: Universitetet i Adger. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2015.
Further reading
- Mimura, Tatsuyuki, Prosody of the Compounds in the Sandnes Dialect of Norwegian: A Descriptive Study (PDF), Kogakuin University
- Mimura, Tatsuyuki (2010a), Noruwee-go Sandnes-hoogen no aruhwabetto-kasiramoji-go no on'in-ron. [Phonology of the initialisms in the Sandnes dialect of Norwegian.] (in Japanese)
- Mimura, Tatsuyuki (2010b), Noruwee-go Sandnes-hoogen no hukugoo-go akusento-kisoku [On the compound accent rules of the Sandnes dialect of Norwegian] (in Japanese), pp. 182–187
External links
- "dialekter i Rogaland – Store norske leksikon". Retrieved 4 August 2015.
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