List of the last monarchs in Europe
This is a list of the last monarchs in Europe.
Nation / territory | Monarch | Title | Birth | Reigned from | Reign ceased | Reason | Death | Arms | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | ![]() | Victor Emmanuel III | King of Albania | 11 November 1869 | 16 April 1939 | 3 September 1943 | Armistice of Cassibile | 28 December 1947 | ![]() | [1] |
![]() | ![]() | Levon V | King of Armenia | 1342 | 1374 | 1375 | Deposed | 29 November 1393 | ![]() | |
![]() | ![]() | Charles I and IV | Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary | 17 August 1887 | 21 November 1916 | 11 & 13 November 1918 | "Relinquished participation in the administration of the State" | 1 April 1922 | ![]() | [2] |
![]() | ![]() | Simeon II | Tsar of Bulgaria | 16 June 1937 | 28 August 1943 | 15 September 1946 | Republican constitution adopted | Living | ![]() | [3] |
![]() | ![]() | Tomislav II | King of Croatia | 9 March 1900 | 18 May 1941 | 31 July 1943 | Abdicated | 29 January 1948 | ![]() | [4] |
![]() | ![]() | Catherine | Queen of Cyprus | 25 November 1454 | 26 August 1474 | 26 February 1489 | Abdicated | 10 July 1510 | ![]() | [5] |
![]() | ![]() | Napoleon III | Emperor of the French | 20 April 1808 | 2 December 1852 | 4 September 1870 | Abdicated | 9 January 1873 | ![]() | [6] |
![]() | ![]() | Wilhelm II | Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia | 27 January 1859 | 15 June 1888 | 9 November 1918 | Abdicated | 9 June 1941 | ![]() | [7] |
![]() | ![]() | Constantine II | King of the Hellenes | 2 June 1940 | 6 March 1964 | 1 June 1973 | Deposed | 10 January 2023 | ![]() | [8] |
![]() | ![]() | Christian X | King of Iceland | 26 September 1870 | 14 May 1912 | 17 June 1944 | Republican constitution adopted | 20 April 1947 | ![]() | [9] |
![]() | ![]() | George VI | King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas | 14 December 1895 | 11 December 1936 | 29 December 1937 | Constitution of Ireland | 6 February 1952 | ![]() | |
![]() | ![]() | Umberto II | King of Italy | 15 September 1904 | 9 May 1946 | 18 June 1946 | Republican constitution adopted | 18 March 1983 | ![]() | [10] |
![]() | ![]() | George XII | King of all Georgia, King of all Kartli, Kakheti and all the other lands | 10 November 1746 | 11 January 1798 | 28 December 1800 | Death | 28 December 1800 | ![]() | |
![]() | ![]() | Elizabeth II | Queen of Malta | 21 April 1926 | 21 September 1964 | 13 December 1974 | Republican constitution adopted | 8 September 2022 | ![]() | [11] |
![]() | ![]() | Nicholas I | King of Montenegro | 7 October 1841 | 28 August 1910 | 26 November 1918 | Monarchy abolished | 1 March 1921 | ![]() | [12] |
![]() | ![]() | Manuel II | King of Portugal and the Algarves | 15 November 1889 | 1 February 1908 | 5 October 1910 | Monarchy abolished | 2 July 1932 | ![]() | [13] |
![]() | ![]() | Michael I | King of Romania | 25 October 1921 | 6 September 1940 | 30 December 1947 | Monarchy abolished | 5 December 2017 | ![]() | [14] |
![]() | ![]() | Nicholas II | Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias | 18 May 1868 | 1 November 1894 | 15 March 1917 | Abdicated | 17 July 1918 | ![]() | [15] |
![]() | ![]() | Peter II | King of Yugoslavia | 6 September 1923 | 9 October 1934 | 29 November 1945 | Deposed | 3 November 1970 | ![]() | [16] |
See also
- Monarchies in Europe
- List of the last monarchs in Africa
- List of the last monarchs in the Americas
- List of the last monarchs in Asia
- List of the last monarchs in Oceania
References
- ^ Tucker, Spencer C. (2016). World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection [5 volumes]: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Vol. I. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 91. ISBN 9781851099696.
- ^ Edward P. Keleher, "Emperor Karl and the Sixtus Affair: Politico-Nationalist Repercussions in the Reich German and Austro-German Camps, and the Disintegration of Habsburg Austria, 1916-1918." East European Quarterly 26.2 (1992): 163+.
- ^ Gotev, Georgi (2017-11-20). "Bulgaria's Simeon: Time to leave a mark after so many years of isolation". euractiv.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Lemkin, Raphael (2005) [1944]. Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress. Clark, NJ: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 253. ISBN 9781584779018.
- ^ Mellersh, H. E. L.; Williams, Neville (1999). Chronology of world history. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-155-7.
- ^ Hansen, Valerie; Curtis, Kenneth R. (2016). Voyages in World History, Volume II, Brief. Vol. 2. Boston. MA: Cengage Learning. p. 524. ISBN 9781305537729.
- ^ Cecil, Lamar (1996). Wilhelm II: Volume 2, Emperor and Exile, 1900-1941. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. p. 292. ISBN 9780807860748.
- ^ Gage, Nicholas; Gage, Joan Paulson (2015-08-21). "Why Is the King of Greece Living as a Commoner?". Town & Country. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Guðmundsson, Helgi Hrafn (29 May 2014). "The Nazi King Of Iceland". The Reykjavik Grapevine. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Mack Smith, Denis (1992). Italy and Its Monarchy. Yale University Press. p. 340. ISBN 9780300051322.
- ^ Zammit Marmarà, Desmond (12 December 2009). "The Republic of Malta". Times of Malta. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ "Government Bill Aims To Rehabilitate Montenegro's Royal Family". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 18 April 2011. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Starbuck, Lydia (2018-09-22). "What happened to Portugal's monarchy?". Royal Central. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Dunlop, Tessa (2017-12-05). "Michael I of Romania Obituary: Former monarch and last surviving head of state from the second world war". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Ferro, Marc (1995). Nicholas II: Last of the Tsars. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195093827.
- ^ Langlois, Jill (26 May 2013). "Serbia holds state funeral for Yugoslavia's last king". Public Radio International. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
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