List of newspapers in Morocco
Newspapers in Morocco are primarily published in Arabic and French, and to a lesser extent in Berber, English, and Spanish. Africa Liberal, a Spanish daily, was the first paper published in the country which was launched in 1820.[1] Al Maghrib was the first Arabic newspaper of the country, and was established in 1886.[1]
In 1999, the number of French language newspapers distributed in the country was 130,000 while it was 62,000 in 1981.[2] As of 2013, 71% of the papers were published in Arabic and 27% in French.[3]
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/El_Eco_de_Tetuan.png/220px-El_Eco_de_Tetuan.png)
The first newspaper to appear in Morocco was Pedro Antonio de Alarcón's El Eco de Tetuan, which published one edition in March 1860.[4] Later in 1860, two Spanish soldiers fighting in the Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60) launched El Noticiero (periodical), which published 89 editions before ceasing in 1861.[4] The period after the 1880 Madrid Conference saw the rise of al-Moghreb al-Aksa, printed in Spanish by G.T. Abrines, and the Times of Morocco, printed in English by Edward Meakin then later by his son James;[5][6] these two papers would later join and become the Tangier Gazette.[7][8]
Al Maghrib was the first Arabic newspaper of the country, and was established in 1886.[9] In 1908 the Sultan launches "Lissan Al Maghrib" the first state owned official media in Arabic.
El Eco Mauritano (1885–1930) was a political, literary, and general interest periodical founded by Isaac Toledano and Isaac Laredo of Tangier and Agustín Lugaro of Gibraltar.[10]
Following the bombardment and invasion of Casablanca in 1907, a French daily called La Vigie Marocaine was founded at the behest of General Albert d'Amade in 1908.[11][12] With a conservative, colonial editorial line that rejected any notion of Moroccan sovereignty and supported the idea of making Morocco an extension of French Algeria,[11] it became one of the most important French publications in the period of the French Protectorate.[13][11]
Another major publication of the early colonial period was L'Echo du Maroc, which was published in 4 editions: one for Rabat, one for Casablanca, one for the south, and one for the north.[11] In 1919, Pierre Mas began Presse Mas, his media empire in Morocco, with his purchase of L'Echo du Maroc.[11]
Due to the French colonial authorities' censorship of newspapers in Arabic, Muhammad Hassan al-Wazzani founded L'Action du Peuple, a Moroccan nationalist newspaper published in French.[11]
Press in Arabic
Al Maghrib was the first Arabic newspaper of the country, and was established in 1886.[9] It was a local media, based in Tetouan.
The first national newspaper to be published in Arabic by Moroccans was an-Nafahat az-Zakiya fi l-Akhbar il-Maghrebiya (النفحات الزكية في الأخبار المغربية The Pleasant Notes in the News of Morocco) in 1889.[14]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9.jpg/220px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9.jpg)
es-Saada (السعادة Happiness) was arabophone newspaper promoting the French position on events in Morocco published at the French Legation in Tangier,[11] first appearing in 1904.[7] With French encouragement, supporters of Abdelaziz founded as-Sabaah (الصباح) in Tangier in 1904; its editor was an Algerian named Idriss Khubzawi and it published 52 issues.[16][17] Idhar al-Haqq (إظهار الحق), edited by a nationalist figure named Abu Bakr Ben Abd al-Wahab, was also founded in Tangier in 1904.[18][19] After the 1906 Algeciras Conference, the Sufi leader Muhammad Bin Abd al-Kabiir al-Kataani started publishing a periodical entitled at-Taa'oon (الطاعون The Plague) in response to the colonial press and European colonialism in general.[7]
In 1908, Sultan Abd al-Hafid founded Lisan al-Maghrib (لسان المغرب), an arabophone newspaper funded by the Moroccan government;[7] it was run by two Lebanese brothers, Faraj-Allah and Artur Namor,[20] and it famously printed the 1908 draft constitution, as well as open letters to Abdelaziz and then Abd al-Hafid.[21]
In 1909, the Spanish started publishing an arabophone newspaper called Telegraph ar-Rif (تلغراف الريف),[22] then a newspaper called al-Haqq (الحق) in 1911 to push their position.[22] The newspaper at-Taraqqi (الترقي) also presented a colonial perspective and was published in Tangier in 1913.[22][23] They were followed by al-Islah (الإصلاح), a quasi-official Spanish newspaper published in 1916.[23] These publications were similar to es-Saada in their objective.[23]
The first arabophone newspaper in Casablanca was published in 1912: al-Akhbar al-Maghrebiya (الأخبار المغربية), financed by Badar ad-Diin al-Badrawi;[23][22] in Marrakesh, al-Janoob al-Maghrebi (الجنوب المغربي) in 1927.[23]
Among the first colonial policies promulgated by the French authorities under the French protectorate was a policy designed to censor the Moroccan press;[11] Moroccan newspapers, whether Jewish or Muslim, had to receive advanced authorization from the French authorities, while European publications were not required to do this.[11] The French authorities forbade Moroccan nationalists from publishing in areas under French control, especially in Arabic.[11][24]
Akhbar al-Maghreb (أخبار المغرب) was published in Darija in 1915.[23]
an-Nidthaam (النظام) was published by an Egyptian in 1924 in Tangier.[23]
Akhbar Teleghraphiya (أخبار تلغرافية), covering national and international news as well as the affairs of al-Majlis al-Baladi and meant to "disinform"[25] its Moroccan audience, was published in Fes and edited by Tahar Mahawi Zidan.[25]
al-Ittihaad al-Ghanami (الاتحاد الغنمي), syndicated throughout the Maghreb, was first published in Tunis 1929[23]
al-Ittihaad (الاتحاد)[26] was published in 1927 and covered all the regions of the north under Spanish control.[23]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9.png/220px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9.png)
In the north appeared Mohammed Daoud's journal as-Salaam (السلام),[28] the newspaper al-Hayaat (الحياة), followed by an explosion of periodicals including al-Wihdat al-Maghrebiya (الوحدة المغربية) published by Muḥammad al-Makkī an-Nāṣirī,[11] al-Hurriya (الحرية) published by Abdelkhalek Torres,[11] ar-Rif (الريف), and others.[23] Al-Atlas (الأطلس)[29] was the mouthpiece of the Moroccan Action Committee (كتلة العمل الوطني) and expressed the views of the Moroccan Nationalist Movement.[11]
The journal Majallat al-Maghreb (مجلة المغرب) was directed by Mohamed Ben Saleh Maysa an Algerian resident of Morocco working in Rabat.[23][30][31][32]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8.png/220px-%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8.png)
In 1937, Said Hajji of Salé founded Al-Maghrib (المغرب Morocco), a newspaper critical of French colonialism that was often censored.[11]
The newspaper Al-Alam, speaking for the Istiqlal Party, was founded in 1946.[33]
Muhammad Hassan al-Wazzani's ar-Ra'i al-'Aam (الرأي العام)—the mouthpiece of Democratic Independence Party, which had recently splintered from the Istiqlal Party—published its first issue on April 12, 1947.[34]
The National Union of Popular Forces founded Al Muharrir, which published its first edition December 1964.[35] It was edited by Omar Benjelloun until his assassination in 1975.[35]
Jewish press
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jewish_Moroccan_Newspaper.png/220px-Jewish_Moroccan_Newspaper.png)
In 1883, Abraham Lévy-Cohen founded the first francophone newspaper in Morocco, Le Réveil du Maroc,[36] to spread French language and culture among the Moroccan Jews.[7] A man named Salomon Benaïoun started Kol Israel (1891), Mébasser Tov (1894-1895), and Moghrabi (1904), though these periodicals were short-lived.[37] Benaïoun also founded el Horria / La Liberté (1915-1922), which covered Jewish interests in Morocco in two different editions: one in Judeo-Arabic and one in French.[37][38] Adelante (1929-1932) was an independent hispanophone bimonthly periodical.[37]
In Casablanca, the Hadida brothers edited Or Ha’Maarav, or La Lumiere du Maroc (1922–1924), a Zionist[37] newspaper written in Judeo-Arabic with Hebrew script, which ran from 1922 until the French authorities shut it down in 1924.[39][37] It was followed by L'Avenir Illustré (1926–1940) a nationalist, pro-Zionist francophone newspaper, edited by Jonathan Thurz[40][37] as well as l'Union Marocaine (1932-1940), a francophone newspaper in line with emancipatory views of the AIU, edited by Élie Nattaf.[41][37] L'Avenir Illustré and L'Union Marocaine were both shut down by the Vichy regime.[37]
List of newspapers
Below is a list of newspapers published in Morocco:
Title | Type | Publisher | Founded | Website | Lang | Editor | Affiliation | Circ. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Moroccan Times | TMT | 2003 | https://themoroccantimes.com/ | En/ | ||||
Hespress | Hespress | 2003 | https://en.hespress.com/ | En/Ar/ | ||||
Maroc Agence Presse | Map | 31/5/1959 | https://www.map.ma/en/ | En/Ar/Sp/Taz | ||||
Morocco World News | MWN | 2011 | www.moroccoworldnews.com | En/Ar/Fr | Samir Bennis and Adnane Bennis | Independent | NA | |
24ALA24 | 2015 | www.24ala24.info | Ar | Independent | NA | |||
Morocco Business News | 2008 | www.moroccobusinessnews.com | En | Independent | NA | |||
MBC Times | 2013 | www.mbctimes.com | En | Independent | NA | |||
USFP Oujda | 2021 | usfpoujda.ma | En | Independent | NA | |||
Morocco Newsline | New Commerce Group | 2007 | www.morocconewsline.com | En | Independent | NA | ||
La Dépêche marocaine | 1905 | NA | Fr | None | NA | |||
Al Alam | 1946 | alalam.ma | Ar | Istiqlal | ||||
Attajdid | attajdid.ma | Ar | Attawhid Wal Islah | 5.120 | ||||
Al Ittihad Al Ichtiraki | 1983 | Ar | Socialist Union of Popular Forces | 15.425 | ||||
Liberation | 1964 | libe.ma | Fr | Socialist Union of Popular Forces | 15.425 | |||
Al Bayane | 1971 | albayane.ma | Fr | Party of Progress and Socialism | 2.567 | |||
Bayane Al Yaoume | bayanealyaoume.ma | Ar | Party of Progress and Socialism | |||||
L'Economiste | 1991 | leconomiste.com | Fr | Independent | 15.690 | |||
La Nouvelle Tribune | lanouvelletribune.com | Fr | Party of Progress and Socialism | 7.863 | ||||
La Vie Eco | lavieeco.com | Fr | Independent | 14.279 | ||||
Le Matin | Maroc Soir Group | 1972 | lematin.ma | Fr | Royalist | 60.000[42] | ||
Assabah | 2000 | assabah.press.ma | Ar | Independent | 125.000 | |||
Al Bidaoui | Ar | Independent | 12.445 | |||||
Al Mounaataf | almounaataf.ma | Ar | National Rally of Independents | |||||
Al Ahdath Al Maghribia | 1998 | ahdath.info | Ar | 48.250 | ||||
Assahifa Al Maghribia | Weekly | Ar | 22.534 | |||||
Aujourd'hui Le Maroc | 2001 | aujourdhui.ma | Fr | 20.000 | ||||
Al Ayam | Weekly | alayam.ma | Ar | 29.678 | ||||
L'Opinion | 1965 | lopinion.ma | Fr | Socialist Union of Popular Forces | 29.678 | |||
La Gazette Du Maroc | lagazettedumaroc.com | Fr | 5.787 | |||||
Finances News Hebdo | financesnews.press.ma | Fr | ||||||
Tawiza | Br | |||||||
La Mañana | Maroc Soir Group | Sp | Royalist | |||||
Al Mountakhab | almountakhab.com | Ar | Independent | |||||
Annoukhba | annoukhba.info | Ar | Independent | |||||
Al Haraka | harakamp.org.ma | Ar | Popular Movement | |||||
Assahra Al Maghribiya | Maroc Soir Group | 1989 | almaghribia.ma | Ar | Royalist | |||
L'Independent | Fr | |||||||
Tanja7 | www.tanja7.com | Ar | Independent | |||||
Les Nouvelles Du Nord | www.lesnouvellesdunord.com | Fr | Independent | |||||
Le Journal de Tanger | lejournaldetanger.com | Fr | Independent | 7.000 | ||||
Morocco Board News | MoroccoBoard News Service | moroccoboard.com | En | Independent | ||||
Almassae | 2006 | almassaa.com | Ar | Independent | 170.000 | |||
Assahifa | Ar | Independent | ||||||
Assabahia (disfunct, 2009) | Maroc Soir Group | Ar | Independent | 35.000 | ||||
Marocpress | 2004 | marocpress.ma | Ar | Independent | NA | |||
Khbirate | 2013 | khbirate.com | Ar | Independent | NA [43] | |||
KooraMag | 2004 | kooramag.com | Ar | Independent | NA | |||
Oujda Portail | 2013 | oujdaportail.net | Ar | Independent | NA | |||
alamriyadi | alamriyadigroupe | 1997 | www.alamriyadi.com | AE | independent | NA |
Legend
- Daily - Weekly - General - Regional - Finance and economics - sports - Islamist - Women's - Online | Ar: (in Arabic) Br: Berber Fr: (in French) En: (in English) Sp: (in Spanish) |
|
Defunct daily newspapers
These newspapers are no longer published:
Title | Type | Publisher | Founded | Website | Lang | Editor | Affiliation | Circ. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Morocco Mirror | 2012 | www.moroccomirror.com | En | Independent | NA |
See also
References
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- ^ a b c d e Miller, Susan Gilson (2013). A History of Modern Morocco. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 84–85. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139045834. ISBN 978-1-139-04583-4.
- ^ "Tangier gazette". Library of Congress.
- ^ a b El Mustapha Lahlali (6 June 2011). Contemporary Arab Broadcast Media. Oxford University Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-7486-8864-7. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
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- ^ "Mort de Pierre Mas magnat de la presse française sous le protectorat". Le Monde.fr (in French). 10 December 1970. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
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- ^ "La Révolution prolétarienne : revue mensuelle syndicaliste communiste". Gallica. 5 December 1930. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
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- ^ http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ListeVol.aspx?IDC=73
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- ^ http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ListeVol.aspx?IDC=100
- ^ http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ListeVol.aspx?IDC=38
- ^ أبراش, د إبراهيم (29 July 2019). "عيد العرش في المغرب: تاريخه ورمزيته | د. إبراهيم أبراش". MEO (in Arabic). Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ^ Yabiladi.com. "Histoire : Lorsqu'un écrivain algérien proposa l'idée de commémorer la Fête du trône". www.yabiladi.com (in French). Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ^ http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ListeVol.aspx?IDC=25
- ^ "لمحات من تاريخ الصحافة المغربية (3)". blogs.aljazeera.net (in Arabic). Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ http://bnm.bnrm.ma:86/ListeVol.aspx?IDC=31
- ^ a b "31 سنة عن منع جريدة المحرر : مسار جريدة "المحرر" التي أمر الملك الراحل الحسن الثاني بمنعها بصفة نهائية". مغرس. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h Bensoussan, David (May 2012). Il tait Une Fois Le Maroc: Tmoignages Du Pass Judo-marocain. iUniverse. ISBN 978-1-4759-2608-8.
- ^ "El Horria". web.nli.org.il. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "La Lumiere du Maroc (Or Ha'Maarav)". web.nli.org.il. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ^ "L'Avenir Illustré". web.nli.org.il (in French). Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ^ Laskier, Michael M. (1 February 2012). Alliance Israelite Universelle and the Jewish Communities of Morocco, 1862-1962, The. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-1016-6.
- ^ "Mbintelligence – Maroc Business Intelligence - » le Matin". Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
- ^ "Moroccan Newspapers". Moroccan Online Newspapers.
- (in French) ojd.ma
- (in French) medias.ma
Bibliography
- "Morocco: Directory: The Press". Europa World Year Book 2004. Europa Publications. 29 July 2004. p. 2970. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- William A. Rugh (2004). "Diverse Print Media: Lebanon, Kuwait, Morocco, and Yemen". Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0-275-98212-6.