Hapoel HaMizrachi
- Politics of Israel
- Political parties
- Elections
Hapoel HaMizrachi (Hebrew: הַפּוֹעֵל הַמִּזְרָחִי, lit. Mizrachi Workers) was a political party and settlement movement in Israel. It was one of the predecessors of the National Religious Party and the Jewish Home.
History
Hapoel HaMizrachi was formed in Jerusalem in 1922 under the Zionist slogan "Torah va'Avodah" (Torah and Labor), as a religious Zionist organisation that supported the founding of religious kibbutzim and moshavim where work was done according to Halakha.[2] Its name came from the Mizrachi Zionist organisation, and is a Hebrew acronym for Religious Centre (Hebrew: מרכז רוחני, Merkaz Ruhani).
For the elections for the first Knesset the party ran as party of a joint list called the United Religious Front alongside Mizrachi, Agudat Yisrael and Poalei Agudat Yisrael. The group won 16 seats, of which Hapoel HaMizrachi took seven, making it the third largest party in the Knesset after Mapai and Mapam. It was invited to join the coalition government by David Ben-Gurion and Hapoel HaMizrachi MK Haim-Moshe Shapira was made Minister of Internal Affairs, Minister of Health and Minister of Immigration in the first government.
The United Religious Front played a major part in bringing down the first government due to it disagreement with Mapai over issues pertaining to education in the new immigrant camps and the religious education system, as well as its demands that the Supply and Rationing Ministry be closed and a businessman appointed as Minister for Trade and Industry. Ben-Gurion resigned on 15 October 1950. When the problems had been solved two weeks later, he formed the second government with the same coalition partners and ministers as previously.
In the 1951 elections the party ran for the Knesset alone under the title of Torah and Work – Hapoel HaMizrachi. They won eight seats, making them the fourth largest party. Again they joined the governing coalition, and remained a member through all four governments of the second Knesset. Shapira kept his position as Minister of Internal Affairs and also became Minister of Religions. When the third government collapsed, Shapira lost the Ministry of Internal Affairs and became Minister of Welfare. He regained the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the sixth government. Yosef Burg also became a minister, heading the Health Ministry in the third government, and the Postal Services Ministry in the fourth, fifth and sixth.
For the 1955 elections the party joined forces with its ideological twin, Mizrachi, to form the National Religious Front. The new party won eleven seats (of which Hapoel HaMizrachi held nine), making it the fourth largest, and were again coalition partners in both governments of the third Knesset. In 1956 the union of the two parties was made permanent, and the name changed to the National Religious Party.
Election results
Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1925 | 6 / 221 | New | N/A | |||
1931 | With Mizrachi | 5 / 71 | 1 | N/A | ||
1944 | Haim-Moshe Shapira | 18,748 | 9.45 | 16 / 173 | 11 | N/A |
1949 | Part of United Religious Front | 7 / 120 | 9 | Coalition | ||
1951 | 46,347 | 6.74 | 8 / 120 | 2 | Coalition | |
1955 | Part of National Religious Front | 9 / 120 | 1 | Coalition |
Knesset members
Knesset (MKs) | Knesset Members |
---|---|
1 (1949–1951) (7) | Moshe Unna, Yosef Burg, Eliyahu-Moshe Ganhovsky, Aharon-Ya'akov Greenberg, Zerach Warhaftig, Moshe Kelmer (replaced by Eliyahu Mazur of Agudat Yisrael on 11 March 1949), Haim-Moshe Shapira |
2 (1951–1955) (8) | Haim-Moshe Shapira, Moshe Unna, Yitzhak Rafael, Yosef Burg, Zerach Warhaftig, Eliyahu-Moshe Ganhovsky, Moshe Kelmer, Michael Hasani |
3 (1955–1956) (9) | Moshe Unna, Yosef Burg, Aharon-Ya'akov Greenburg, Zerach Warhaftig, Frija Zoaretz, Michael Hasani, Moshe Kelmer, Yitzhak Rafael, Haim-Moshe Shapira |
References
External links
- Party history Knesset website
- v
- t
- e
- Likud
- Yesh Atid
- Shas
- National Unity
- National Religious Party–Religious Zionism
- United Torah Judaism
- Otzma Yehudit
- Yisrael Beiteinu
- United Arab List
- Hadash
- Maki
- Ta'al
- Democrats
- New Hope
- Noam
parliamentary
- Ale Yarok
- Arab Democratic Party
- Arab National Party
- Balad
- Bible Bloc Party
- Brit Olam
- Da'am Workers Party
- Derekh Eretz
- Free Democratic Israel
- Green Party
- The Greens
- Ihud Bnei HaBrit
- Israel Democratic Party
- New Economic Party
- Pirate Party
- Secular Right
- Telem
- Tzomet
- U'Bizchutan
- Yachad
- Yamina
- New Right
- Yerushalmim
- Zehut
- Agriculture and Development
- Ahdut HaAvoda
- Ahva
- Arab List for Bedouin and Villagers
- Atid
- Black Panthers
- Center Party
- Cooperation and Brotherhood
- Cooperation and Development
- Da
- Democratic Choice
- Democratic List for Israeli Arabs
- Democratic List of Nazareth
- Democratic Movement
- Democratic Movement for Change
- Democratic Union
- Development and Peace
- Dor
- Eretz Yisrael Shelanu
- Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda
- Fighters' List
- Free Centre
- Gahal
- General Zionists
- Gesher (1996)
- Gesher – Zionist Religious Centre
- Gesher (2019)
- Geulat Yisrael
- HaOlim
- Hapoel HaMizrachi
- Hatikva
- Hatnua
- HaTzeirim
- Hatzohar
- Hebrew Communists
- Herut
- Herut – The National Movement
- Hetz
- Independence
- Independent Centre
- Independent Liberals
- Independent Socialist Faction
- Israeli Communist Opposition
- Israeli Druze Faction
- Jewish–Arab Brotherhood
- The Jewish Home
- Jewish National Front
- Justice for the Elderly
- Kach
- Kadima
- Kulanu
- Labor
- La'am
- Leader
- Left Camp of Israel
- Left Faction
- Lev
- Liberal Party
- Maki
- Man's Rights in the Family Party
- Mapai
- Mapam
- Meimad
- Mekhora
- Meretz
- Meri
- Mizrachi
- Moked
- Moledet
- Morasha
- Moria
- Movement for Greater Israel
- Movement for the Renewal of Social Zionism
- National Home
- National List
- National Religious Party
- Natural Law Party
- New Aliyah Party
- New Liberal Party
- New Way
- Noy
- Ometz
- One Israel
- One Nation
- Oz LaAniyim
- Poalei Agudat Yisrael
- Popular Arab Bloc
- Progress and Development
- Progress and Work
- Progressive List for Peace
- Progressive National Alliance
- Progressive Party
- Rafi
- Ratz
- Religious Zionist Party
- The Right Way
- Sephardim and Oriental Communities
- Shinui
- Shlomtzion
- Social Justice
- Tafnit
- Tami
- Tehiya
- Telem
- Third Way
- Tzalash
- Union of Right-Wing Parties
- United Arab List
- United Religious Front
- Unity for Peace and Immigration
- Unity Party
- Women's International Zionist Organization
- Women's Party
- Ya'ad – Civil Rights Movement
- Ya'ad
- Yahad
- Yamin Yisrael
- Yemenite Association
- Yisrael BaAliyah
- Yisrael HaMithadeshet
- Yiud