Greater sac-winged bat
Greater sac-winged bat | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Conservation status | |
![]() Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Chiroptera |
Family: | Emballonuridae |
Genus: | Saccopteryx |
Species: | S. bilineata |
Binomial name | |
Saccopteryx bilineata (Temminck, 1838) | |
![]() | |
Greater sac-winged bat range |
The greater sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata) is a bat of the family Emballonuridae native to Central and South America.[2]
They are the most common bats seen in the rainforest,[citation needed] as they often roost on the outside of large trees. They are insectivores and use echolocation calls through the mouth to track their prey, which includes flies, beetles, butterflies and moths.[3][4] The long nose and upper lip are highly mobile and can shift upward to enlarge the mouth opening.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Wingsack.jpg/220px-Wingsack.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sbilineata.jpg/220px-Sbilineata.jpg)
The term "sac-winged" refers to small pouches on the wings. These sacs are used by males to attract females and to mark their harem territory. During daily grooming, males will fill these sacs with drops of urine and glandular secretions. During displays for females, the male will hover in front of the female and fan her vigorously to expose her to the scent of the mixture in the wing sacs. Males will also shake the contents of the sac towards bats outside of the male's harem territory to warn off intruders.[5] Microbial fermentation in the sac may produce identifiable scent signals.[6]
Sac-wing pups have been recorded making various calls in a jumbled context. For example, a female pup will give the male trill of courting followed by echolocation clicks then adult territorial challenges. These mixed-up vocalizations have been equated with human infant babbling and mispronounced songs of young birds. This is the first example of mammal babbling outside of the primate order.[7]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png)
Problems playing this file? See media help.
References
- ^ Solari, S. (2015). "Saccopteryx bilineata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19804A22004716. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T19804A22004716.en.
- ^ Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 390. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ https://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Saccopteryx_bilineata%20-%20Greater%20Sac-winged%20Bat.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Saccopteryx bilineata (Greater sac-winged bat)". Animal Diversity Web.
- ^ Voigt, CC; von Helversen, O (December 1999). "Storage and display of odour by male Saccopteryx bilineata (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae)". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 47 (1–2): 29–40. doi:10.1007/s002650050646. S2CID 11339644.
- ^ Voigt, C. C.; Caspers, B.; Speck, S. (2005). "Bats, Bacteria, and Bat Smell: Sex-Specific Diversity of Microbes in a Sexually Selected Scent Organ". Journal of Mammalogy. 86 (4): 745. doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086[0745:BBABSS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1545-1542. pdf Archived 31 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Knornschild, M; Behr O; von Helversen O (September 2006). "Babbling behavior in the sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata)". Naturwissenschaften. 93 (9): 451–4. doi:10.1007/s00114-006-0127-9. PMID 16736178. S2CID 33556162.
- v
- t
- e
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Infraclass: Eutheria
- Superorder: Laurasiatheria
- Order: Chiroptera
- Ecuadorian sac-winged bat (B. infusca)
- Thomas's sac-winged bat (B. io)
- Gray sac-winged bat (B. plicata)
- Thomas's shaggy bat (C. centralis)
- Shaggy bat (C. maximiliani)
- African sheath-tailed bat (C. afra)
- Madagascar sheath-tailed bat (C. kibomalandy)
- Seychelles sheath-tailed bat (C. seychellensis)
- Chestnut sac-winged bat (C. brevirostris)
- Short-eared bat (C. alecto)
(Ghost bats)
- Northern ghost bat (D. albus)
- Greater ghost bat (D. ingens)
- Isabelle's ghost bat (D. isabellus)
- Lesser ghost bat (D. scutatus)
- Small Asian sheath-tailed bat (E. alecto)
- Beccari's sheath-tailed bat (E. beccarii)
- Large-eared sheath-tailed bat (E. dianae)
- Greater sheath-tailed bat (E. furax)
- Lesser sheath-tailed bat (E. monticola)
- Raffray's sheath-tailed bat (E. raffrayana)
- Pacific sheath-tailed bat (E. semicaudata)
- Seri's sheath-tailed bat (E. serii)
- Dark sheath-tailed bat (M. nigrescens)
- Greater dog-like bat (P. kappleri)
- White-winged dog-like bat (P. leucoptera)
- Lesser dog-like bat (P. macrotis)
- Pale-winged dog-like bat (P. pallidoptera)
- Trinidad dog-like bat (P. trinitatis)
- Proboscis bat (R. naso)
- Yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat (S. flaviventris)
- Papuan sheath-tailed bat (S. mixtus)
- Pel's pouched bat (S. peli)
- Naked-rumped pouched bat (S. saccolaimus)
- Antioquian sac-winged bat (S. antioquensis)
- Greater sac-winged bat (S. bilineata)
- Frosted sac-winged bat (S. canescens)
- Amazonian sac-winged bat (S. gymnura)
- Lesser sac-winged bat (S. leptura)
- Indonesian tomb bat (T. achates)
- Coastal sheath-tailed bat (T. australis)
- Common sheath-tailed bat (T. georgianus)
- Hamilton's tomb bat (T. hamiltoni)
- Hildegarde's tomb bat (T. hildegardeae)
- Hill's sheath-tailed bat (T. hilli)
- Arnhem sheath-tailed bat (T. kapalgensis)
- Long-winged tomb bat (T. longimanus)
- Mauritian tomb bat (T. mauritianus)
- Black-bearded tomb bat (T. melanopogon)
- Naked-rumped tomb bat (T. nudiventris)
- Egyptian tomb bat (T. perforatus)
- Theobald's tomb bat (T. theobaldi)
- Troughton's sheath-tailed bat (T. troughtoni)