Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils
Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils | |
---|---|
Artist | Nicolas Poussin |
Year | 1637 |
Medium | oil on canvas |
Dimensions | 252 cm × 265 cm (99 in × 104 in) |
Location | Louvre, Paris |
Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils is an oil on canvas painting by Nicolas Poussin, from 1637. It is held in the Louvre, in Paris, since its seizure for the state in 1794.[1]
History and description
It was one of nine works commissioned by Louis Phélypeaux, Seigneur of La Vrillière for the gilded gallery at his new hôtel de La Vrillière in Paris. Henri Sauval accounted Camillus the finest of the set.[2] Camillus and the hôtel were sold in 1705 to Louis Raulin Rouillé (contrôleur général des Postes), then in 1713 by Rouillé's widow to Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon. They both passed to his son Louis de Bourbon, duc de Penthièvre, from whom they were seized in 1794.
It shows a scene from the capture of Falerii in Chapter 10 of Camillus, one of the Parallel Lives by Plutarch, in which Marcus Furius Camillus punishes a Falerian schoolmaster who hoped to gain favour by handing over his pupils to the Romans besieging the city.[3]
Poussin said he painted it "in a severe manner, as is reasonable considering the subject which is heroic". The preparatory drawings for the painting show how the painter was first interested in integrating the foreground characters: Marcus Furius Camillus in his praetorium, the lictor standing behind him, the schoolchildren and the fallen master.[4]
This subject is found in earlier paintings, but with variations on the choice of the place of each element. In Poussin's painting, Camillus is depicted in the foreground, on the left and in profile, and the children are also in the foreground, on the right with the schoolmaster. Two lictors, with lance in hand, stand behind Camillus. Poussin's choices seem to have been inspired by an illustration of the work by Plutarch (Latin version of 1516). According to Otto Grautoff, Poussin would have been more inspired by the iconographic depiction of the captive Timoclea brought before Alexander, painted by Domenichino (c. 1615).[5]
See also
References
- ^ "Catalogue entry" (in French). 1637.
- ^ "Saburo Kimura (editor), « À propos de Camille et le maître d'école de Faléries », Actes du colloque organisé au musée du Louvre par le Service culturel du 19 au 21 octobre 1994, vol. 1, 1996, p.505-519" (PDF) (in French).
- ^ "Catalogue entry" (in French). 1637.
- ^ "Saburo Kimura (editor), « À propos de Camille et le maître d'école de Faléries », Actes du colloque organisé au musée du Louvre par le Service culturel du 19 au 21 octobre 1994, vol. 1, 1996, p.505-519" (PDF) (in French).
- ^ "Saburo Kimura (editor), « À propos de Camille et le maître d'école de Faléries », Actes du colloque organisé au musée du Louvre par le Service culturel du 19 au 21 octobre 1994, vol. 1, 1996, p.505-519" (PDF) (in French).
- v
- t
- e
- The Death of Chione (1622)
- The Battle between the Israelites and the Amorites (c. 1625)
- Joshua's Battle against the Amalekites (c. 1625)
- Venus and Adonis (1626)
- The Capture of Jerusalem by Titus (1626; 1635)
- The Death of Germanicus (1627)
- Venus Weeping for Adonis (c. 1626-1627)
- Saint Cecilia (1627–1628)
- Echo and Narcissus (1627–1628)
- The Martyrdom of Saint Erasmus (1628–1629)
- The Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (1628–1629)
- Plague of Ashdod (1628–1630)
- Cephalus and Aurora (c. 1629–1630)
- The Inspiration of the Poet (1629–1630)
- Sleeping Venus with Cupid (1628–1630)
- Saint James the Great's Vision of the Virgin Mary (c. 1629–1630)
- The Massacre of the Innocents (1625–1632)
- Parnassus (c. 1631–1633)
- A Bacchanalian Revel Before a Term (1632–1633)
- The Adoration of the Golden Calf (1633–1634)
- Adoration of the Shepherds (1633–1634)
- The Crossing of the Red Sea (1633–1634)
- The Rape of the Sabine Women (1634–1635, 1637–1638)
- A Dance to the Music of Time (1634–1636)
- Triumph of Neptune and Amphitrite (c. 1636)
- Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils (1637)
- Et in Arcadia ego (1637–38)
- Theseus Rediscovering His Father's Sword (1638)
- The Manna (1638–1639)
- Extreme Unction (1638–1640)
- The Continence of Scipio (1640)
- Landscape with Saint John on Patmos (1640)
- The Funeral of Phocion (1648)
- Landscape with the Ashes of Phocion (1648)
- Eliezer and Rebecca (1648–1649)
- The Judgement of Solomon (1649)
- Landscape with Polyphemus (1649)
- Self-Portrait (1649)
- Landscape with Three Figures (1645–1650)
- Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice (1650–1653)
- The Flight into Egypt (1657–1658)
- Blind Orion Searching for the Rising Sun (1658)
- Landscape with Two Nymphs (1659)
- Landscape with Hercules and Cacus (c. 1660)
- Apollo and Daphne (1661–1664)
- Seven Sacraments (first series 1637–1640; second series 1644–1648)
- The Four Seasons (1660–1664)