Albert Whitlock |
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Born | Albert J. Whitlock Jr. (1915-09-15)15 September 1915
London, England |
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Died | 26 October 1999(1999-10-26) (aged 84)
Santa Barbara, California |
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Occupation | Matte artist |
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Albert J. Whitlock Jr. (15 September 1915 – 26 October 1999) was a British-born motion picture matte artist best known for his work with Disney and Universal Studios.
Life and career
Whitlock began his film career as a page at Gaumont Studios in London in 1929, before going on to build sets and work as a grip. Trained as a sign painter, he began an intermittent association with Alfred Hitchcock, assisting in the miniature effects for The Man Who Knew Too Much (1934) and then completing all of the signs for The 39 Steps (1935).
Whitlock began working as a matte artist during World War II. Recruited by Walt Disney, who admired his work, he relocated to the United States in the early 1950s. At Disney, where the head of the Matte Department was fellow-Londoner and near-exact contemporary Peter Ellenshaw, he successfully mastered the impressionistic approach to matte painting for which he would become known. He remained with the studio for seven years, helping with the design of Disneyland as well as film work, before moving to Universal in 1961. There he served as the head of their matte department, resuming his collaboration with Alfred Hitchcock and many other directors, until retiring from the company in 1985 (though he continued to work on the odd production for a few years afterwards).
His most substantial achievement was the creation of over 70 individual matte paintings for the disaster film Earthquake (1974), for which he received an Academy Award. He won the Oscar again the following year for The Hindenburg, in which he re-created the great airship and its final voyage. Universal loaned out Whitlock and his team to other studios for visual effects work on films including Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes, the David Lynch version of Dune, Mame, The Learning Tree and Bound for Glory. In the latter film, Whitlock created the famous Dust Storm with moving cotton-covered disks.
One of his last projects was John Carpenter's 1982 sci-fi film The Thing, where he reportedly painted all the shots of the uncovered alien starship, including both distant and close-up viewpoints.[1][2] However, in 2020, Carpenter claimed that Whitlock had left his assistants in the art department to create the matte paintings, apparently because he disliked Carpenter personally. Carpenter claimed that Whitlock took credit for his assistants' work, and told Carpenter "I didn't take a brush to canvas."[3]
In addition to his film work, Whitlock worked on the original series of Star Trek contributing matte paintings for several first-season episodes, some of which he reworked for use in later episodes. These have been replaced by CGI replicas in the remastered version of the series.
Whitlock was also responsible for the matte paintings in History of the World, Part I, and appeared in the movie as a character hawking used chariots. He also produced background mattes for Brooks earlier film High Anxiety, and appeared in that film in a small role as "noted industrialist Arthur Brisbane."
Awards
Awards won
- 1975: Academy Award for Special Achievement in Visual Effects in Earthquake (shared with Frank Brendel, Glen Robinson)
- 1976: Academy Award for Special Achievement in Visual Effects in The Hindenburg (shared with Glen Robinson)
- 1985: Emmy for Outstanding Special Visual Effects in A.D. shared with Syd Dutton, Mark Whitlock, Bill Taylor, Dennis Glouner, Lynn Ledgerwood)
Awards nominated
- 1968: Academy Award for Special Effects in Tobruk (shared with Howard A. Anderson)
- 1979: Saturn Award for Best Special Effects in The Wiz
References
- ^ "您访问的资源不存在或已被删除". www.creaturebuzz.com.
- ^ The thing prequel hatch 1982
- ^ "Fantasia 2020. John Carpenter: Masterclass & Lifetime Achievement Award". YouTube. 22 August 2020. Event occurs at 49:40. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021.
External links
- L. B. Abbott, A. D. Flowers (1972)
- Frank Brendel, Glen Robinson, Albert Whitlock (1974)
- Peter Berkos / Albert Whitlock, Glen Robinson (1975)
- Carlo Rambaldi, Glen Robinson, Frank Van der Veer / L. B. Abbott, Glen Robinson, Matthew Yuricich (1976)
- Ben Burtt / Frank Warner (1977)
- Les Bowie, Colin Chilvers, Denys Coop, Roy Field, Derek Meddings, Zoran Perisic (1978)
- Alan Splet (1979)
- Brian Johnson, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Bruce Nicholson (1980)
- Ben Burtt, Richard L. Anderson (1981)
- Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Ken Ralston, Phil Tippett (1983)
- Kay Rose (1984)
- Stephen Hunter Flick, John Pospisil (1987)
- Richard Williams (1988)
- Eric Brevig, Rob Bottin, Tim McGovern, Alex Funke (1990)
- John Lasseter (1995)
- Alejandro González Iñárritu (2017)
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1963–1980 | - Emil Kosa Jr. – Cleopatra (1963)
- Peter Ellenshaw, Eustace Lycett, and Hamilton Luske – Mary Poppins (1964)
- John Stears – Thunderball (1965)
- Art Cruickshank – Fantastic Voyage (1966)
- L. B. Abbott – Doctor Dolittle (1967)
- Stanley Kubrick – 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)
- Robie Robertson – Marooned (1969)
- A. D. Flowers and L. B. Abbott – Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970)
- Alan Maley, Eustace Lycett, and Danny Lee – Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
- L. B. Abbott and A. D. Flowers – The Poseidon Adventure (1972)
- Frank Brendel, Glen Robinson, and Albert Whitlock – Earthquake (1974)
- Albert Whitlock and Glen Robinson – The Hindenburg (1975)
- Carlo Rambaldi, Glen Robinson, and Frank Van der Veer – King Kong (1976)
- John Stears, John Dykstra, Richard Edlund, Grant McCune, and Robert Blalack – Star Wars (1977)
- Les Bowie, Colin Chilvers, Denys Coop, Roy Field, Derek Meddings, and Zoran Perisic – Superman (1978)
- H. R. Giger, Carlo Rambaldi, Brian Johnson, Nick Allder, and Dennis Ayling – Alien (1979)
- Brian Johnson, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, and Bruce Nicholson – The Empire Strikes Back (1980)
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1981–2000 | - Richard Edlund, Kit West, Bruce Nicholson, and Joe Johnston – Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
- Carlo Rambaldi, Dennis Muren, and Kenneth F. Smith – E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982)
- Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Ken Ralston, and Phil Tippett – Return of the Jedi (1983)
- Dennis Muren, Michael J. McAlister, Lorne Peterson, and George Gibbs – Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984)
- Ken Ralston, Ralph McQuarrie, Scott Farrar, and David Berry – Cocoon (1985)
- Robert Skotak, Stan Winston, John Richardson, and Suzanne M. Benson – Aliens (1986)
- Dennis Muren, Bill George, Harley Jessup, and Kenneth F. Smith - Innerspace (1987)
- Ken Ralston, Richard Williams, Edward Jones, and George Gibbs – Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
- John Bruno, Dennis Muren, Hoyt Yeatman, and Dennis Skotak – The Abyss (1989)
- Eric Brevig, Rob Bottin, Tim McGovern, and Alex Funke – Total Recall (1990)
- Dennis Muren, Stan Winston, Gene Warren Jr., and Robert Skotak – Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
- Ken Ralston, Doug Chiang, Douglas Smythe, and Tom Woodruff Jr. – Death Becomes Her (1992)
- Dennis Muren, Stan Winston, Phil Tippett, and Michael Lantieri – Jurassic Park (1993)
- Ken Ralston, George Murphy, Stephen Rosenbaum, and Allen Hall – Forrest Gump (1994)
- Scott E. Anderson, Charles Gibson, Neal Scanlan, and John Cox – Babe (1995)
- Volker Engel, Douglas Smith, Clay Pinney, and Joe Viskocil – Independence Day (1996)
- Robert Legato, Mark Lasoff, Thomas L. Fisher, and Michael Kanfer – Titanic (1997)
- Joel Hynek, Nicholas Brooks, Stuart Robertson, and Kevin Mack – What Dreams May Come (1998)
- John Gaeta, Janek Sirrs, Steve Courtley, and Jon Thum – The Matrix (1999)
- John Nelson, Neil Corbould, Tim Burke, and Rob Harvey – Gladiator (2000)
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2001–2020 | - Jim Rygiel, Randall William Cook, Richard Taylor, and Mark Stetson – The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
- Jim Rygiel, Joe Letteri, Randall William Cook, and Alex Funke – The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002)
- Jim Rygiel, Joe Letteri, Randall William Cook, and Alex Funke – The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)
- John Dykstra, Scott Stokdyk, Anthony LaMolinara, and John Frazier – Spider-Man 2 (2004)
- Joe Letteri, Brian Van't Hul, Christian Rivers, and Richard Taylor – King Kong (2005)
- John Knoll, Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson, and Allen Hall – Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006)
- Michael L. Fink, Bill Westenhofer, Ben Morris, and Trevor Wood – The Golden Compass (2007)
- Eric Barba, Steve Preeg, Burt Dalton, and Craig Barron – The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008)
- Joe Letteri, Stephen Rosenbaum, Richard Baneham, and Andrew R. Jones – Avatar (2009)
- Paul Franklin, Chris Corbould, Andrew Lockley, and Peter Bebb – Inception (2010)
- Robert Legato, Joss Williams, Ben Grossmann, and Alex Henning – Hugo (2011)
- Bill Westenhofer, Guillaume Rocheron, Erik-Jan de Boer, and Donald R. Elliott – Life of Pi (2012)
- Tim Webber, Chris Lawrence, Dave Shirk, and Neil Corbould – Gravity (2013)
- Paul Franklin, Andrew Lockley, Ian Hunter, and Scott R. Fisher – Interstellar (2014)
- Mark Williams Ardington, Sara Bennett, Paul Norris, and Andrew Whitehurst – Ex Machina (2015)
- Robert Legato, Adam Valdez, Andrew R. Jones, and Dan Lemmon – The Jungle Book (2016)
- John Nelson, Gerd Nefzer, Paul Lambert, and Richard R. Hoover – Blade Runner 2049 (2017)
- Paul Lambert, Ian Hunter, Tristan Myles, and J. D. Schwalm – First Man (2018)
- Guillaume Rocheron, Greg Butler, and Dominic Tuohy – 1917 (2019)
- Andrew Jackson, David Lee, Andrew Lockley, and Scott R. Fisher – Tenet (2020)
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2021–present | |
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Authority control databases |
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International | |
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National | - Spain
- France
- BnF data
- Germany
- United States
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Artists | |
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Other | |
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